| Reform and Opening up of Shanghai
改革开放20多年的沧桑巨变,黄浦江映射着上海的新生,孕育着“海纳百川,追求卓越”的城市精神,上海承担着以浦东开发开放为龙头,牵引长三角经济带跨越式发展的重任,正努力建设成国际经济、贸易、金融和航运中心。
Over 20 years’ reform and opening, Shanghai has seen great changes. Huangpu River witnesses the development of Shanghai. Following the city spirit of “Keep an open mind, strive for excellence”, Shanghai aims to become an international economic, trade, financing and shipping center to drive the leap-forward development of the Yangtze River Delta through the leading development of Pudong.
南京 NANJING ROAD
南京路是上海市内主要商业中心之一,东起外滩,西抵静安寺,全长10里(5公里),过去曾被称作“十里洋场”。100多年以前,南京路还是一条小路,后来殖民者为了扩大租界范围,借口修建跑马场,强占了约80多亩地皮,并在路旁建成了内是花园、外是跑马场的娱乐场所。那时,沿路两边的商业网点都是为娱乐场所提供服务的。1865年后,殖民者在扩建该路的同时正式定名南京路,以后南京路由东向西不断延伸扩展,马路两旁的商店也随之不断兴建,商业开始繁荣起来。
1843年上海开埠后,南京路即确立了上海近代商业发祥地的地位,人称“大马路”,而这里的“繁华商业街南京路”主要指的是南京东路一段。到了20世纪30年代,“十里洋场”南京路已是蜚声中外。先施(服装公司)、永安(华联商厦)、新新(食品公司)、大新(中百一店)四大公司是当时全中国最摩登的大型商场。
1949年后南京路上的四大公司经过改组、改造,显得更加朝气蓬勃、富有特色。此外,南京东路上还有诸多著名商店和具有传统特色的百年老店,如朋街时装店、培罗蒙西服店、王开照相馆、冠龙照相器材商店、邵万生南货店、张小泉刀剪店、吴良材眼镜店、朵云轩、亨达利和亨得利钟表店等等。
随着改革开放的不断深入,特别是“南京东路步行街”的开通,以及世界各国商业界和国内商业界的抢滩,这条经历了一个多世纪沧桑的大街,现已成为名副其实的“中华第一街”,也是来上海观光旅游的必到之处。20世纪90年代开始,南京西路渐渐开始改变它以居住为主的风格,梅隆镇广场先耸立起来,接着是恒隆广场、中信泰富广场,如今三座巨人并称为“进三角”,造就了南京西路这一段特有的气势。
未来南京路将在“魅力永存南京路”这一统一主题下分成三个特色鲜明的路段:外滩至河南中路的“海上情怀”段,呈现出“浪漫”、“高雅”、“怀旧”的基本格调。怀旧的爵士乐会从和平饭店咖啡色的建筑中传出,时尚的露天吧、抽象的雕塑会在街头抒情地伫立。在一种历史与现代的强烈对比中,年轻时尚群体与国际游客在这老字号精品区可领略南京路的独特魅力。
Nanjing Road is one of the main commercial centers of Shanghai. Starting at the Bund in the east and ending in the west at Jing’an Temple, it is 5 kilometers long, once it was called as “Yang Chang”, a metropolis infested with foreign adventures. Over 100 years ago, Nanjing Road was still a narrow path. Afterward, in order to enlarge concessions, colonists forcibly occupied over 80 mu plots with the excuse of building race course and built up a recreation place with gardens inside and race-course outside by the roadside. At that time, commercial networks along the road were established to provide services to the recreation place. After 1865, colonists formally named it as Nanjing Road while extending it. Since then, Nanjing Road was extended from east to west continually, and shops also arose along it. The business began to flourish.
Since the opening of the commercial port in Shanghai in 1843, Nanjing Road was popularly accepted as the cradle of modern commerce of Shanghai and was called as “Dama Road (Boulevard)”. Here, Nanjing Road--the prosperous commercial street mainly refers to Sec. 1 of Nanjing Road East. In 1930s, Nanjing Road has already been widely known at home and abroad. At that time, Sincere (a garment company), Yong’an (Hualian Shangsha), Xinxin (a food company), Sun (Shanghai No. 1 Department Store) are the most modern large-scale shopping malls in China.
After 1949, the above said four companies developed quickly after restructuring. Besides, many famous stores and century-old shops with traditional characteristics such as Borg Street Fashion Shop, Baromon Western Dress Shop, Wang Kai Photo Gallery, Guanlong Photographic Appliances Shop, Shao Wansheng South Food Shop, Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors Shop, Wu Liangcai Glasses Shop, Duoyun Curios Shop, Hengdali and Hengdali Watches Store etc. mushroomed along Nanjing Road East.
Along with the reform and opening in China, especially the opening of shopping mall of Nanjing Road East and the foreign and domestic merchants flocking here for market shares, the street has become a genuine “No. 1 Street in China” and a must-see resort of Shanghai. Since 1990s, Nangjing Road West gradually changed its residence style. First Meilongzhen Square towers up, and then come Henglong Square and CITIC Square, adding special air to Nanjing Road West.
In future, under the uniform theme of “Nanjing Road—charming forever”, Nanjing Road will be featured by three sections of vivid features: “Offshore sensation” section running from the Bund to Henan Road Central will show romance, elegance and nostalgia. In coffee colored Peace Hotel, you will enjoy the nostalgic jazz music. Fashionable open-air bars, abstract sculptures stand in the street. In the sharp contrast of history and modernism, fashionable youths and foreign visitors experience the unique glamour of Nanjing Road Central.
世纪大道 CENTURY AVENUE
世纪大道,从东方明珠至浦东世纪公园全长约5.5公里,宽100米。世纪大道功能定位为城市景观大道,法国夏氏-德方斯提供的方案设计,将世纪大道中心线向南偏移10米,成为世界上独一无二的不对称道路,气势宏大,具有强烈的园林景观效果。
Beginning from Oriental Pearl Tower and ending at Pudong Century Park, Century Avenue is 5.5 kilometers long, 100 meters wide. As a cityscape boulevard with design scheme by a French company, it is the only unsymmetrical road in the world with the centerline deviating southward by 10 meters, but with magnificent image and strong landscaping effect.
Century Avenue is also the first cityscape boulevard that the green belts and sidewalks are wider than the motor way. In design, people, traffic and architectures are well considered and combined. To show the landscaping effect, the green belts and sidewalks are widened to 69 meters. Its north sidewalk is 44.5 meters in width and planted with four rows of evergreen fragrant camphor trees and ginkgoes while the south sidewalk is only 24.5 meters in width and grown with two rows of avenue trees.? Meanwhile, eight botanical gardens, each stretching 180 meters long and 20 meters wide with vivid themes and features are built up in the north sidewalk, namely, willow garden, dawn redwood garden, cherry garden, grand myrtle garden, magnolia denudate garden, camellia garden, redbud garden and golden rain garden.
The design of Century Avenue well embodies its integrity and modern high technology, expressing the "cross-century" conception. It is the only street with time-themed sculpture in the world. Currently, sculptures such as Light of the East, Century Twilight and Five Elements (Wuxing) etc. have been established. Simple design with exquisite metal tension structure are in sound harmony with columns, benches, railings, lamp posts and canopies, jointly forming the color and feature of a landmark. Time-themed sculptures and decorative articles such as Sundial Needle, Century Bell and Sandglass are fitted in different sections.
The Century Avenue acts as a landmark of Shanghai at the turn of century, greatly influences the function & morphology development of Pudong. Century Avenue is a magnificent construction project, and the landscapes on its both sides and its function development on commerce, culture, tourism and leisure will be perfected. The plots on both sides of Century Avenue usher in excellent opportunities for development.
根据世纪大道的命名特点,世纪大道上的城市系列环境小品规律性地体现了其整体性和现代高技术的风格。整个世纪大道是世界上唯一以时间为主题的城市雕塑展示街。目前已建有东方之光、世纪晨光、五行等雕塑。同时简洁的造型配以精致的金属张拉结构小品,无论是立柱,还是长椅、护栏、灯杆及遮蔽棚都采用了统一的色调,成为标志性、特征性的色彩。沿途设置了以时间为主题的雕塑和小品,如在不同地段布设日晷针、世纪钟、沙漏等。
世纪大道的建设,不仅对浦东功能开发和形态开发有重大影响和作用,而且是上海世纪之交城市形态建设的标志性景观。世纪大道是一项宏伟的建设工程,两侧的景观工程和商业、文化、旅游、休闲功能开发工作将逐渐完善。世纪大道两侧的地块充满着无限的商机。
陆家嘴经济金融中心 LUJIAZUI FINANCE CENTER
陆家嘴金融贸易区地处浦东新区黄金地段,与曾经享誉中外的远东金融中心——外滩金融街隔江相望。作为中国唯一被批准以“金融贸易”命名的开发区,陆家嘴已经吸引了50多家中外金融机构在此落户,其中外资银行就达28家之多,包括世界著名的花旗银行、富士银行和汇丰银行。陆家嘴金融贸易区将有约100家中外银行和金融机构,3000家国际大公司、大财团总部和各类公司落户于该地区,这将使陆家嘴成为未来浦东和上海最繁华的中央商务区。
浦江沿岸的滨江地带,建成了2500米滨江大道,举世闻名的东方明珠塔就高高耸立在那里。在其周围还将建成一批标志90年代水平的文化艺术建筑,它们是东方音乐厅、博物馆、文化艺术中心、中心图书馆、歌剧院等。
陆家嘴中心区综合了现代功能、环境、交通、景观、生态、空间艺术而进行全方位立体化的规划,对地铁、隧道、高架与地面车运、绿化步行街也作了周密规划,组成地下、水路、地面、空中的立体系统,陆家嘴将成功地塑造成为黄浦江东岸的“金三角”。
Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone is located in the golden section of Pudong New District and is opposite to the Bund on the other side of the river. The Bund used to enjoy the fame of a financial centre in the Far East and Lujiazui is the only development area approved as a “finance and trade zone”. More than 50 Chinese and foreign financial institutions have stationed here, among which there are 28 foreign-funded banks, including the world-famous Citybank, Fuji Bank and Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corp. Besides, there will be in Lujiazui about 100 Chinese and foreign banks and financial institutions, 3,000 international big companies, headquarters of large financial groups and different companies, turning Lujiazui into Pudong’s as well as Shanghai’s most prosperous business centre.
Along the bank of Huangpu River, a 2,500-meters riverside boulevard has been built and there stands the world-famous Oriental Pearl TV Tower. Around here are a number of cultural and art buildings advanced in 1990s, such as the Oriental Concert Hall, museum, cultural and art centre, central library, and opera house.
The planning of Lujiazui central area combines modern functions, environment, communications, scenic sights, ecology, and space arts in an overall and three-dimensional design. A meticulous plan has been made to organize a complete system of underground, water, surface and air transportation in coordination with the subway, the tunnel, the viaducts with ground traffic and landscaped pedestrian walkway, Lujiazui will be built into “a golden delta” on the east bank of the Huangpu River.
外滩 Bund
Located at the west bank of Huangpu River, Bund of Shanghai begins with Yan’an Road East and ends at Garden Bridge. It is a riverside boulevard with the most concentrated architectural groups and also one of the most charming urban landscapes in the world. In its west side, various styles of Chinese & western buildings stand as if a modern world architecture show. Different styles of buildings of the Bund, a precious cultural heritage, reflect the modern history of Shanghai.
In old days, the places of Shanghai were used to be named upon the division of rivers. Generally, the upstream section was called as “inner” and the downstream section was called as “outer”. Bund was once divided into two parts, one of which was called as “Inner Huangpu Bund”, and the other was called as “Outer Huangpu Bund”. In early 1900s, the Bund was known as the mudflat between Xinkai River and Wusong. Around the Bund stand the fields with rivers flowing through and several farmhouses. Shanghai County is known as today’s Laochengxiang (the old town of Shanghai) and the city wall just stands at nowadays’ Zhonghua Road and Renmin Road, 4,500 meters long and 8 meters high. Between 1912 and 1914, the city wall was successively removed, only leaving Dajingge city wall of over ten meters long near Xiaobeimen. In 1845, after the negotiation between China and Britain, the Bund was ceded to British concession. Afterwards, British Consulate and foreign firms built up houses along Huangpu River one after another. It was during this time the Bund began its development progress. In the same year, the construction of Huangpu Bund road was completed. Western emigrants call it as “the Bund”, which means river shoal; however, Chinese are used to call it as “Waitan”.
After the Opium War, the British first caught the west coast of Huangpu River beginning with Suzhou River and ending at Yangjing River (a river in old shanghai now become Yan’an Road East) and established concession. In the concession, consulate and western-style buildings were built up. In late 1990s, the Bund changed greatly. Foreign firms and new bank houses successively towered along Huangpu River; narrow paths were widened; wharfs were built up. At the beginning of the 21st century, six or seven storey architectures of reinforced concrete structure substituted brick joisted houses. In around 1930s, buildings higher than 10 stories were arisen up in the Bund.
There are total 23 buildings in the Bund of Shanghai including those built by Chinese, British, American, Russian, Jew, Japanese and French etc. A group of luxurious architectures of unique features are successively built up showing their noble status. The architectures of various styles were well harmonized, constituting the overall outline of the Bund architectures and perfectly integrating beauty with utility. Thus, the Bund was also honored as “a gallery of world architecture”. Today, these architectures still remain in good condition through renovation.
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